An oscilloscope with a CRT display consists of the following main parts:

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There are also oscilloscopes combined with other measuring devices (e.g. multimeter). Such devices are called scope meters.

An oscilloscope can also exist not only as a stand-alone device, but also as an attachment to a computer: in the form of an expansion card, or connected via some external port.

Device

Oscilloscope cathode ray tube;
Horizontal scan unit. Generates a periodic or mint data sawtooth signal (linearly increasing and rapidly decreasing), which is fed to the horizontal deflection plates of the CRT. During the falling phase (beam return), a pulse is also generated to quench the electron beam, which is fed to the CRT modulator;
The input amplifier of the signal under study, the output of which is connected to the vertical deflection plates of the CRT.
Also contains auxiliary blocks: brightness control block, duration calibrator, amplitude calibrator.

LCD displays are most commonly used in digital oscilloscopes.


Screen
Oscilloscope cathode ray tubeSchematic diagram of a cathode-ray tube of an oscilloscope: 1 - deflection plates, 2 - electron gun, 3 - electron beam, 4 - focusing coils, 5 - screen

The oscilloscope has a screen A, which displays graphs of input signals. In digital oscilloscopes, the image is displayed on the display (monochrome or color) as a finished picture, in analog oscilloscopes, an oscilloscope cathode-ray tube with electrostatic deflection is used as a screen. The screen is usually marked with a coordinate grid.

Signal inputs