The Forbidden City was built soon after (1406–20), followed by the Temple of Heaven (1420) and many other construction projects. Tiananmen, which became the national symbol of the People's Republic of China and is depicted on its coat of arms, burned to the ground twice during the Ming Dynasty, and was finally reconstructed in 1651.
After the Manchus overthrew the Qing Dynasty in its place, Beijing remained the capital of China throughout the Qing period.
Between 1928 and 1949 it was known as Peiping, literally meaning "Northern Peace". The name was changed, with the element meaning "capital" (jing or qing) removed, to reflect the fact that, with the Kuomintang government establishing its capital at Nanjing (Nanking), Beijing was no longer the capital of China, and that the warlord government based in Beijing was not legitimate.
On January 31, 1949, during the Chinese Civil War, communist forces entered Beijing without a fight. On October 1 of that year, the Communist Party of China, led by Mao Zedong, declared the establishment of the vietnam email list People's Republic of China in Beijing on Tiananmen Square. A few days earlier, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference had decided that Beijing would become the capital of the PRC and its name would be changed back to Beijing.
Following Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms, Beijing's urban area expanded significantly.
Luoyang
Luoyang is considered the cradle of Chinese civilization. The city was built by the Duke of Zhou in the 11th century BC and became the capital of the Zhou Dynasty from 770 BC. In 25 AD, Luoyang became the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Wei and Jin Dynasties were also based in Luoyang. For several centuries, Luoyang was the center of gravity of China.